People who are allergic to any ingredients used in the manufacturing of the vaccine.People who have previously had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a typhoid vaccine.(The vaccine should be postponed until after recovery.) People with a sudden feverish illness.Who shouldn't have the injected typhoid vaccine? As a result, the vaccine may be less effective in these people. People who have an underactive immune system, for example due to a genetic defect, disease such as HIV infection, or treatment with immunosuppressant medicines such as chemotherapy, high-dose corticosteroids, or immunosuppressants, for example used following an organ transplant, may not produce an adequate number of antibodies in response to this vaccine.Measures such as these can also protect you from paratyphoid, hepatitis A, cholera and other types of travellers diarrhoea. Be careful eating food from street stalls. These include washing hands before eating or preparing food, only drinking boiled or sterilised water, avoiding ice cubes in drinks unless you know they were made from 'safe water', eating only freshly prepared hot food that has not been allowed to stand at room temperature for many hours, and avoiding raw fruit and vegetables unless you have peeled them yourself. It won't prevent paratyphoid fever or infections with any other forms of Salmonella bacteria. As with all vaccines, it may not produce immunity in 100 per cent of people who have the vaccine. You should still observe strict food, water and personal hygiene measures to avoid the disease. This vaccine will only prevent typhoid fever caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria.What should I know before having the injected typhoid vaccine? You'll need to have a booster injection every three years to provide continued immunity. The vaccine protects against typhoid for about three years.You may be be given the injection under the skin rather than into the muscle if you are at risk of bleeding following an injection into the muscle, for example because you have haemophilia or low levels of platelets in your blood ( thrombocytopenia).It should be given at least two weeks before travel to the high risk area.The vaccine is usually given by injection into a muscle (intramuscularly) in the upper arm.How is the injected typhoid vaccine given? Protection against typhoid doesn't occur immediately after having the vaccination, but most people will have protective levels of antibodies after two weeks. The antibodies produced remain in the body so that if Salmonella typhi bacteria are encountered naturally, the immune system can recognise and attack them. The injected typhoid vaccine contains fragments of inactivated Salmonella typhi bacteria (the bacteria that cause typhoid). It works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against these bacteria, without actually causing the disease. This establishes a pool of antibodies that helps protect the body from various different diseases. The immune system produces different antibodies for each foreign organism it encounters. The antibodies remain in the body to help protect the body against future infections with the same organism. When the body is exposed to foreign organisms such as bacteria, the immune system produces antibodies against them. Antibodies help the body recognise and kill the foreign organisms. How does the injected typhoid vaccine work? The vaccine is not recommended for babies aged under 12 months. The vaccine may be less effective in this age group. Injected typhoid vaccine is not licensed for children under two years of age, but it's recommended that children aged between one and two years have the vaccine if they are going to be at high risk of typhoid fever. This vaccine is not given routinely - it is recommended for people travelling to areas with a high risk of typhoid. Preventing typhoid in adults and children aged two years and over.What is the injected typhoid vaccine used for?
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